TERMS FOR LESSON 13:

THE EYE AND EAR



Parts of the Eye to Know:

Conjunctiva: Mucous membrane eye lining

Sclera: Outer layer of the eye

Cornea: Covering over the iris

Choroid: Middle layer of eye

Iris: The colored part of the eye, muscular

Ciliary body: Muscle layer

Pupil: Hole in center of eye

Lens: Focuses the image

Retina: The receptor area in back of eye

Rods: Black and white receptors

Cones: Color receptors

Aqueous humor: Watery fluid in front of lens

Vitreous humor: Jellylike fluid in eye cavity

Meibomian glands: Oil glands of eye

Lacrimal glands: Tear glands

Optic nerve: Carries message of sight to brain



Parts of the Ear to Know

External ear: Outer ear

Auricle: Ear

External auditory meatus: Entrance into ear

Middle ear: Middle portion of ear

Tympanic membrane: Ear drum

Eustachian tube: Tube between nose and ear

Ossicles: Small bones of middle ear

Incus: Bone of middle ear

Stapes: Bone of middle ear

Anvil: Bone of middle ear

Inner ear: The nervous tissue of ear

Oval window: Separate middle from inner ear

Cochlea: Snail shaped area of inner ear

Semicircular canals: Contains receptors of hearing

Mastoid process: Part of skull behind ear



Word Parts to Know: Eye and Ear:

Blephar/o: Eyelid

Conjunctiv/o: Conjunctiva

Cor/o: Pupil

Core/o: Pupil

Pulpill/o

Corne/o

Kerat/o: Cornea, hard

Dacry/o: Tear, tear duct

Lacrim/o: Tear, tear duct

Irid/o: Iris

Ocul/o: Eye

Ophthalm/o

Opt/o: Vision

Retin/o: Retina

Scler/o: Sclera

Cry/o: Cold

Dipl/o: Double

Phot/o: Light

Ton/o: Tension, pressure

Acou/o: Hearing

Audi/o: Hearing

Aur/i: Ear

Labyrinth/o: Labyrinth

Mastoid: Mastoid process

Ot/o: Ear

Staped/o: Stapes

Tympan/o: Tympanic membrane, middle ear



Prefixes and Suffixes to Know: Eye and Ear

Bi: Two

Bin: Two

Ician: One who

Opia: Vision

Phobia: Abnormal fear

Plegia: Paralysis


Diagnostic Terms to Know: Eye and Ear

Blepharitis: Inflamed eyelid

Blepharoptosis: Fallen eyelid, drooping

Conjunctivitis: Pinkeye, inflamed conjunctiva

Corneoiritis: Inflamed cornea and iris

Dacryocystitis: Inflamed tear duct

Diplopia: Double vision

Iridoplegia: Paralysis of iris

Leukocoria: White pupil

Oculomycosis: Fungal contion of eye

Ophthalmalgia: Eye pain

Ophthalmorrhagia: Blood coming from eye

Photophobia: Fear of light

Photoretinitis: Inflamed retina because of bright light exposure

Sclerokeratitis: Inflamed cornea and sclera

Scleromalacia: Softening of sclera

Labyrinthitis: Inflamed labyrinth of inner ear

Mastoiditis: Inflamed mastoid process

Myringitis: Inflamed eardrum

Otalgia: Ear ache

Otomastoiditis: Ear and mastoid area inflamed

Otomycosis: Fungal infection of ear

Otopyorrhea: Flow of pus from ear canal

Otosclerosis: Hardening of the ossicles of the middle ear

Tympanitis: Inflamed eardrum

Ceruminoma: Tumor of the earwax gland

Menieren's disease: Chroinic dizziness and ringing in the ear

Otitis externa: Inflamed outer ear area

Tinnitus: Ringing in the ears

Vertigo: Dizziness

Astigmatism: Irregular curvature of the lens

Cataract: Clouding of the lens

Chalazion (meibomian cyst): Obstruction of the oil gland in eye

Detached retina: Separation of retina

Glaucoma: Increase ocular pressure leading to blindness

Hyperopia: Farsightedness

Myopia: Nearsightedness

Nystagmus: Involuntary movement of eye

Presbyopia: Impaired vision due to again

Strabismus: Crossed eyed

Sty (hordeolum): Infection of oil gland of eye



Surgical Terms to Know: Eye and Ear

Blepharoplasty: Repair of eyelid

Cryoretinopexy: Surgical refixing of eye using cold therapy

Dacryocystorhinostomy: New opening for tear duct into nose

Dacryocystotomy: Incision into tear duct

Iridectomy: Remove iris

Iridosclerotomy: Incision into iris and sclera

Keratoplasty: Repair of cornea

Sclerotomy: Incision into sclera

Labyrinthectomy: Removal of the labyrinth

Mastoidectomy: Removal of mastoid process

Mastoidotomy: Incision into mastoid process

Myringoplasty: Repair of eardrum

Myringotomy: Incision into eardrum, tubes

Cryoextraction of the lens: Lift cataracts off eye

Enucleation: Removal of the eye in whole

Iridencleisis: Drain intraocular fluid to relieve pressure

Phacoemulsification: Method to remove cataracts

Retinal photocoagulation: Repair tears in retina

Scleral buckling: Repair detached retina

Strabotomy: Incision to relieve strabismus



Diagnostic Procedural Terms to Know: Eye and Ear

keratometer: Measure curvature of cornea

ophthalmoscope: Instrument to view eye inside structures

optometer: Measures visual acuity

Optometry: Process of measuring visual acuity

Optomyometer: Measure eye muscle power

Pupillometer: Measure the pupil

Pupilloscope: Instrument to view pupil

Tonometer: Measure ocular pressure

Tonometry: Process of measuring ocular pressure

Acoumeter: Measure hearing ability

Audiogram: Record of hearing test

Audiometer: Measure hearing 

Audiometry: Process of measuring hearing

Otoscope: Instrument to view ear canal

Otoscopy: To view the inside of the eye

Tympanometry: Measure the movement of



Additional Terms to Know: Eye and Ear

Binocular: Both eyes

Corneal: Cornea

Intraocular: Within the eye

Lacrimal: Tear ducts

Nasolacrimal: Nose and tear ducts

Ophthalmic: Pertaining to the eye

Ophthalmologist: Eye doctor M.D.

Ophthalmology: Study of diseases of the eye

Ophthalmopathy: Eye disease

Optic: Pertaining to the eye

Optician: One who fill prescription for lenses

Pupillary: Pupil

Retinal: Retina

Retinopathy: Disease of retina

Audiologist: One who tests hearing

Audiology: The study of hearing

Aural: Outer ear

Otologist: Medical specialist is diseases of the ear

Otology: The study of the ear

Otorhinolaryngologist: Medical specialist is disease of the eye, ear, and throat

Miotic: Referring to diseases of the eye, treatments

Mydriatric: Referring to muscle contractions of the eye

Oculus dexter (OD) Right eye test

Oculus sinister (OS) Left eye test

Oculus uterque (OU) Both eye together test

Optometrist: One who is a specialist in eye exams

Visual acuity: Seeing accurately