TERMS FOR LESSON 6:
CARDIOVASCULAR AND LYMPH SYSTEMS
Terms to Know
Heart: Heart
Tricuspid valve: Between right atrium and right ventricle
Bicuspid valve: Between left atrium and left ventricle
Semilunar valves: Between left ventricle and pulmonary artery
Pericardium: Two layer sac surrounding heart
Epicardium: Pericardium layer next to myocardium
Parietal-related to the abdominal wall
Parietal Layer: Outer layer of the pericardium
Myocardium: Muscle layer of heart
Endocardium: Inside layer of the heart
Arteries: Blood vessels leaving the heart
Arterioles: Small arteries
Aorta: Largest blood vessel or the body, provides for the exit of blood from heart
Veins: Blood vessels bringing blood to heart
Venules: Smallest of the veins
Vena cava: Sac on right side of heart from blood returning to the heart
Capillaries: Blood vessel that exchange nutrients to the cells
Pre-capillary sphincter: Valve to control blood entering the capillary bed
Post-capillary sphincter: Valve to control the blood leaving the capillary bed
Plasma: Liquid portion of blood
Erythrocytes: Red blood cells
Leukocytes: White blood cells
Platelets: Clotting factors in the blood
Lymph: Clear fluid that surrounds tissue
Lymph nodes: Lymphoid tissue located throughout the body, provides filtering of the bacteria in the blood
Spleen: Largest of the lymphoid tissues
Thymus gland: Behind breast bone, role in the immune system of body
Word Roots to Know - Cardiovascular/Lymphatic
Angi/o: Vessel, usually blood vessels
Aort/o: Aorta
Arteri/o: Artery
Artri/o: Atrium
Cardi/o: Heart
Cor/o: Heart
Coron/o: Heart Coronary arteries
Lymph/o: Lymph
Phleb/o: Vein
Splen/o: Spleen
Thym/o: Thymus gland
Valv/o: Valve
Valvul/o: Valve
Ventricul/o: Ventricle
Anther/o: Fatty deposits
Ech/o: Sound
Electr/o: Electricity
Isch/o: Narrowing causing a deficiency
Sphygm/o: Pulse
Steth/o: Chest
Therm/o: Temperature, heat
Thromb/o: Clot
Aer/o: Air
Chlor/o: Chloride, green
Chrom/o: Color
Coagul/o: To bring close together
Cyte/o: Cell
Erythro: Red, red blood cell
Fibrin/o: Fibrous substance
Hem/o: Blood
Hemat/o: Blood
globin/o: White, white protein of blood
hydr/o: Water, hydrogen
Is/o: Equal
Kary/o: Nucleus
Leuk/o: White, white blood cells
Lys/o: Break apart, dissolve
Macr/o: Large
Megal/o: Enlarge, excessively enlarged
Prefixes to Know - Cardiovascular/Lymphatic
Brady: Slow
Tachy: Fast
Mal: Bad
Megal: Enlarged
Anti: Against
Poly: Many
Hyper: Excessive
Hypo: Deficiency
Trans: Across
Suffixes to Know - Cardiovascular/Lymphatic
Ac: Pertaining to
Centesis: To withdrawal fluid aspirate fluid
Crit: To separate
Gram: The record
Graph: The instrument used to make the record
Meter: The instrument to get the measure
Poiesis: The process to the measurement
Sclerosis: The condition of harding
O/dynia: The condition of pain
Cyte
Emia: The condition of the blood
Lysin: The chemical the break down
Lysis: The process of the break down
Lytic: The pertaining to the break down
Oid: Resembling
Ous: Pertaining to
Penia: Reduction in numbers
Scope: The instrument to view
Y: The condition
Diagnostic Terms to Know: Cardiovascular/Lymphatic
Angiocarditis: Inflammation of the heart arteries
Angioma: Tumor of the blood vessel
Angiostenosis: Condition of narrowing blood vessel
Aortic stenosis: Condition of aorta narrowing
Arteriorrhexis: Condition of artery destruction
Arteriosclerosis: Hardening of arteries
Atherosclerosis: Fatty deposits causing hardening of arteries
Atrioventricular defect: Septum in heart not fully closed after birth
Bradycardia: Slow heart beat
Cardiodynia: Heart pain
Cardiomegaly: Heart enlargement
Cardiovalvulitis: Inflammation of heart valve
Coronary ischemia: Partial blockage of coronary artery
Coronary thrombosis: Clot in coronary artery
Endocarditis: Inflammation of inside lining of heart
Myocarditis: Inflammation of heart muscle
Pericarditis: Inflammation of pericardium
Tachycardia: Rapid heart rate
Hematocytopenia: Low numbers of RBC
Hematoma
Lymphadenitis
Splenomegaly: Enlarged spleen
Thymoma: Tumor of thymus gland
Anemia: Lacking something in blood
Aneurysm: Ballooning of the artery wall
Angina pectoris: Chest pain, heart pain
Arrhythmia: Irregular heart beat
Cardiac arrest: Heart attack
Coarctation of the aorta: Narrowing of aorta
Congenital heart disease: Birth defect heart
Congestive heart failure: Blood is being restricted from the lungs to the heart
Coronary occlusion: Blockage of coronary arteries
Embolus: Clot or other blockage material
Emboli: Plural of embolus
Fibrillation: Rapid firing of the heart muscle
Hemophilia: Deficiency in blood clotting
Hemorrhoid: Blood filled sac in rectal area
Hodgkin's disease: Malignancy of the lymph nodes, non-leukemia type
Hypertension: High blood pressure
Leukemia: Abnormal increase of white blood cells, especially in bone marrow
Myocardial infarction: Heart attack by blood embolus in coronary artery, complete stoppage of blood flow
Thromboangiitis obliterans: Inflammation of the vessel of the lower extremities
Varicose veins: Veins of the lower legs distended
Surgical Terms to Know: Cardiovascular/Lymphatic
Angioplasty
Angiorrhaphy
Endarterectomy
Pericardiostomy
Phlebotomy
Splenectomy
Splenopexy
Thymectomy: Surgical removal of thymus gland
Aneurysmectomy: Surgical removal of ballooning section of an artery
Cardiac pacemaker: Artificial pacemaker
Coronary artery bypass: Surgical replacing a section of the coronary artery
Hemorrhoidectomy: Surgical removal of hemorrhoid
Vein ligation: Surgical tying off and removal of varicose
veins
Diagnostic Procedural Terms to Know: Cardiovascular/Lymphatic
Angiography: Getting x-rays of blood vessels
Aortogram: The x-ray of an aorta
Arteriogram: The x-ray of an artery
Echocardiogram: The recording of the heart movement activity
Electrocardiography: Obtaining the electrical activity of the heart
Phonocardiogram: The sound recording of the heart
Sphygmocardiograph: The instrument used to measure the pulse waves and heart beat
Stethoscope: Instrument to listen to chest sounds
Venogram: The x-ray of a vein
Erythrocyte count: Number of RBCs per cubic millimeter of blood
Hematocrit: Separated blood erythrocytes by using a centrifuge
Leukocyte count: Number of WBCs per cubic millimeter of blood
Lymphadenography: Getting a x-ray of lymph glands
Lymphangiogram: The x-ray of lymph gland
Lymphangiography: Getting the x-ray of lymph vessel
Cardiac catheterization: Introducing a catherter into the heart chamber
Cardiac scan: Picture of inside of heart
Doppler flow studies: Use of ultrasound to see flow through coronary arteries
Sphygmomanometer: Blood pressure device
Treadmill stress test: Test of heart function
Hemoglobin: The oxygen carrying capacity
Prothrombin time: Clotting time
Additional Terms to Know: Cardiovascular/Lymphatic
Cardiac: Pertaining to the heart
Cardiologist: Specialist in heart function
Cardiology
Hematologist: Specialist in blood function
Hematology: Study of blood function
Hematopoiesis: Formation of RBCs
Hemolysis: Destruction of RBCc
Hemostasis: Stopping bleeding
Malignant hypothermia: Genetic disorder of body temperature falling low during anesthesia
Auscultation: Listening to body sounds
Blood pressure: Pressure exerted on the wall of the blood vessels
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation: Emergency procedures to restore breathing and pulse
Defibrillation: The use of electric shock to restore normal heart activity
Diastole: The resting stage of heart function
Hypotension: Low blood pressure
Lumen: Inside space of the blood vessel
Occlude: To restrict blood flow
Percussion: Tapping on body surface of a body part to determine density
Peripheral vascular: Blood vessels outside the heart and lymph vessels
Systole: The phase when the heart is contracting
Vasoconstrictor: Chemical to narrow the lumen of blood vessels
Venipuncture: Incision into vein to remove blood
Anticoagulant: Agent to stop blood clotting
Dyscrasia: Abnormal condition of the blood
Hemorrhage: Rapid bleeding
Manometer: Instrument to measure pressure of fluids
Plasma: Liquid portion of blood
Serum: Liquid portion of blood without the clotting factor